Monday 30 March 2015

Mission Indradhanush to Put Vaccination Efforts on High Speed 90% Children to Be Covered in Next Five Years By 2020




Health


Dr. H. R. Keshavamurthy*

Vaccination is a proven and one of the most cost effective child survival interventions. All countries in the world have an immunization programme to deliver selected vaccines to the targeted beneficiaries, specially focusing on pregnant women, infants and children, who are at a high risk of diseases preventable by vaccines. The number of vaccines in the immunization programmes varies from country to country; however, there are a few selected vaccines against Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis, Measles, and Hepatitis-B which are part of immunization programmes in most of the countries in the world.

Though a proven cost-effective preventive intervention, the benefits of immunization is not reaching many children who are at the maximum risk of the diseases preventable by these vaccines. Majority of the children who do not receive these vaccines live in developing countries. Studies have revealed that children are left uncovered by the routine immunisation programme either because the parents and guardians are unaware of the drive, or there is some element of apprehension or fear due to vaccination. Both these can be effectively addressed through an awareness campaign which underlines the critical importance of vaccination, and removes any apprehension harboured by the parent or the guardian.

Indian Scenario

2.7 Crore children are born in India every year. Approximately 18.3 lakhs children die before their fifth birthday. It is the low income families who lose the most children to disease. India records 5 lakh child deaths annually due to vaccine preventable diseases. Despite high childhood mortality rates due to vaccine preventable diseases, 30 percent of Indian children miss the benefits of full immunization every year. That is, an estimated 89 lakhs children across the country that either get only a few vaccines or no vaccines at all. One out of every 3 children in India does not receive all vaccines that are available under UIP. Five percent of children in urban areas and 8 percent in rural areas are unimmunized.

The Government of India recognizes immunization as one of the most cost effective interventions to prevent child deaths. India’s Universal Immunization Programme is one of the largest public health interventions in the country with an extensive vaccine delivery system with 27000 vaccine storage units in 35 states across the country. 80% of vaccination takes place in the outreach sessions, held in thousands each year in more than 6 lakh villages and other urban belts.

Universal Immunisation Programme (U.I.P.)

It is one of the largest in the world in terms of quantities of vaccine used, the number of beneficiaries, the number of Immunisation session organised, the geographical spread and diversity of areas covered. The national policy of Immunisation of all children during the first year of life with DPT, OPV and BCG to complete the series of primary vaccination before reaching the age of one year was adopted in 1978 with the lunching of EPI to increase the Immunisation coverage in infancy to 80%. Universal Immunisation programme UIP was launched in 1985 in a phased manner. The measles vaccine was added in 1985 and in 1990 Vitamin A supplementation was added to the program.

The Vaccination Schedule under the UIP

1. BCG (Bacillus Calmette Guerin) 1 dose at Birth (upto 1 year if not given earlier)

2. DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus Toxoid) 5 doses; Three primary doses at 6weeks,10weeks and 14 weeks and two booster doses at 16-24 months and 5 Years of age

3. OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine) 5 doses; 0 dose at birth, three primary doses at 6,10 and 14 weeks and one booster dose at 16-24 months of age

4. Hepatitis B vaccine 4 doses; 0 dose within 24 hours of birth and three doses at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age.

5. Measles 2 doses; first dose at 9-12 months and second dose at 16-24months of age

6. TT (Tetanus Toxoid) 2 doses at 10 years and 16 years of age

7. TT – for pregnant woman two doses or one dose if previously vaccinated within 3 Year

8. In addition, Japanese Encephalitis (JE vaccine) vaccine was introduced in 112 endemic districts in campaign mode in phased manner from 2006-10 and has now been incorporated under the Routine Immunisation Programme.

India expanded its immunization programme with the introduction of three new vaccines in 2014. There is an urgent need to ensure that the benefit of complete vaccination is provided to all children in the country.

Challenges

In spite of all positive changes, there are ongoing challenges and shortcoming in the programme. The coverage with vaccines in National Immunization Programme is suboptimal and there are inter- and intra-state variations in the coverage. There are wide variations in the proportion of partially immunized and unimmunized children within states and districts. Data recording and reporting is suboptimal and disease surveillance system desires improvement. It is critical to address these reasons and identify the districts where focused efforts, systematic immunization drive and additional resources will be required for reaching all children with all available life-saving vaccines.

The challenges faced in delivering lifesaving vaccines to the targeted beneficiaries need to be addressed from the existing knowledge and learning from the past. Though the preventive efforts from diseases were practiced in India, the reluctance, opposition and a slow acceptance of vaccination have been the characteristic of vaccination history in the country. The operational challenges keep the coverage inequitable in the country. The lessons from the past events have been analysed and interpreted to guide immunization efforts.

Mission Indradhanush

The result is the ‘Mission Indradhanush’ launched on 25th December, 2014 with an aim to cover all those children who are partially vaccinated or unvaccinated. ‘Mission Indradhanush’ is a nationwide initiative with a special focus on 201 high focus districts. These districts account for nearly 50% of the total partially vaccinated or unvaccinated children in the country. Mission Indradhanush will provide protection against seven life-threatening diseases (Diphtheria, Whooping Cough, Tetanus, Polio, Tuberculosis, Measles and Hepatitis B). In addition, vaccination against Japanese Encephalitis and Haemophilus influenza type B will be provided in selected districts of the country. Vaccination against tetanus will be provided to the pregnant women.

Between 2009-2013 immunisation coverage has increased from 61% to 65%, indicating only 1% increase in coverage every year. To accelerate the process of immunization by covering 5% and more children every year, the Mission Mode has been adopted to achieve target of full coverage by 2020. High-focus 201 districts will be taken up for implementation in the first phase. Of these, 82 districts are in just four states of UP, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan and nearly 25% of the unvaccinated or partially vaccinated children of India are in these 82 districts of four states. Moreover, 297 will be targeted for the second phase. The Mission focuses on interventions to rapidly increase full immunization coverage of children by approximately 5% annually and to expand full immunization coverage from 65% in 2014 to at least 90% children in the next five years. Four special vaccination campaigns will be conducted between March and June 2015 and this will cover all children less than two years of age and pregnant women for Tetanus Toxoid vaccine. This immunization campaign will be conducted for a period of 7-10 days every month for four consecutive months.

Micro plans developed to make the Mission mode successful will draw on the lessons learned from the Polio eradication towards systems strengthening, vaccine cold chain management, regular surveillance and monitoring of the plans to reach each and every left out and uncovered child. The government has sought technical support from various external agencies like WHO, UNICEF and Rotary to achieve the goals of this programme.

Understandably, the implementation of vaccination programme and ensuring that the benefits of vaccines reach to each and every possible beneficiary is a challenging task. Mission Indradhanush depicting seven colours of the rainbow, aims to cover all those children by 2020 who are either unvaccinated or are partially vaccinated against seven vaccine preventable diseases which include diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, measles and hepatitis B. The Mission Indradhanush initiative is a call for action by the Government of India to intensify efforts to expedite the full immunization coverage in the country. Full immunization will rescues lakhs of children from disease mortality and morbidity and is essential for social development.

*Dr. H.R. Keshavamurthy is the Director in Press Information Bureau, Kolkata.

Tuesday 24 March 2015

Airtel Digital TV Channel List :

Airtel Digital TV Channel List :
(Updated till 19th Nov 2014)

Help/Promotional/Offer/Service => 10

099 Home Channel
100 Airtel Home
121 Recharge Info
131 Teacher on TV
145 International Radio
167 Offer 4U
195 HD & Multi
392 iMusicSpace Radio Services
361 iKids world
692 Festival special

Hindi Entertainment => 33 ( includes 6 HD)

102 STAR Plus
103 STAR Plus
104 Zee TV
105 ZEE TV
106 Sony
107 SONY
108 Life OK
109 Life OK
110 Colors
111 Colors
112 Home Shop 18
113 Zindagi
114 Star CJ Alive
115 Big Magic
116 Sony SAB
117 [v]
118 Rishtey
119 STAR Utsav {Hindi/Bengali}
120 Sony Pal
122 Zee Anmol
123 Bindass
124 Bindass Play
125 Epic
126 Epic
128 Zoom
129 Naaptol (Blue)
130 Enterr 10
132 TeleBrands
133 ID
134 Sahara One
136 DD National
138 DD India
140 DD Bharati


English Entertainment => 8 (2 HD)

144 AXN
147 Star World Premiere
148 STAR World
149 STAR World
150 Zee Café
152 Fox Crime
154 FX
156 Comedy Central


Pay Per View => 5

158 Airtel Movies 1
159 Airtel Movies 2
160 Airtel Movies 3
161 Airtel Movies 4
162 Airtel Movies 5

Subscription Video On Demand => 3

163 Star Gold Hitz
165 Sony Max SUPER HITZ
201 Disney Family Movies

Hindi Movies => 16 (3 HD)

166 SET Max
168 Zee Cinema
169 ZEE Cinema
170 STAR Gold
171 STAR Gold
172 Movies OK
173 Sony Max 2
174 &Pictures
175 &Pictures
176 UTV Movies
178 Zee Classic
180 Zee Action
182 ZEE Premier
184 UTV action
185 Cinema TV
186 Filmy


English Movies => 14 (4 HD)

192 STAR Movies
193 STAR Movies
194 HBO
196 PIX
196 PIX
198 Movies Now
199 Movies Now Plus
200 Star movies action
202 Romedy Now
204 Zee Studio
205 Zee Studio
206 WB
212 HBO Defined
214 HBO Hits



Sports => 15 (4HD)

220 STAR Sports 1 {Hindi/English}*
222 Star Sports 2 {Hindi/English}*
224 STAR Sports 3 {Hindi/English}*
225 Star Sports HD 1
226 Star Sports 4 {Hindi/English}*
227 Star Sports HD 2
230 TEN Sports
231 TEN
232 TEN Cricket
234 TEN Action
236 Sony SIX
237 Sony SIX
238 NEO Sports
240 NEO Prime
244 DD Sports

Hindi News => 31

250 ABP News
252 Zee News
254 Aaj Tak
255 India Tv
256 NDTV India
258 IBN-7
259 India News
260 News 24
262 Focus News
266 News Nation
267 Live India
268 CNBC Awaaz
270 Zee Business
271 P7 news
272 ETV Bihar
274 ETV Rajasthan
276 Zee Marudhara
278 ETV UP
280 Zee Sangam
282 ETV MP
284 IBC 24
285 Zee MPCG
286 Focus Haryana
288 Etv News haryana
290 DD News
292 Lok Sabha TV
294 DD Rajya Sabha
296 DD Bihar
298 DD Rajasthan
299 DD uttar pradesh
302 DD Madhya Pradesh

English News => 12

304 Times Now
306 NDTV 24x7
308 CNN-IBN
310 Headlines Today
311 News X
312 CNBC TV18
314 ET NOW
316 NDTV Profit
318 Bloomberg UTV
320 BBC World News
322 CNN
324 Russia Today

Lifestyle => 4

325 TLC
326 NDTV Good Times
327 FOOD FOOD
328 Zee Khana khazana

Infotainment => 14 (3 HD)

337 History TV18 {English/Hindi/Tamil/Telugu/Marathi/Bengali/Gujarati}
338 Discovery World
339 National Geographic Channel
340 Discovery Channel {English/Hindi/Telugu/Bengali}
341 National Geographic Channel {Hindi/English/Telugu/Tamil/Bengali}
342 Fox Life {Hindi/English/Tamil/Bengali}
343 Animal Planet {English & Hindi}
344 DD Gyan Darshan
345 Topper {English & Hindi}
346 Discovery Science {English & Hindi}
347 Discovery Turbo
348 History TV18 {English/Hindi/Tamil/Telugu/Bengali/Marathi/Gujarati}
349 NGC Wild
351 NGC Geo people

Kids => 12

354 Nick Jr.{Hindi/English}
355 Cartoon Network {Hindi/English/Tamil/Telugu}
356 Pogo {Hindi/English/Tamil}
357 Hungama {Hindi/Tamil/Telugu}
358 Nick {Hindi/English/Tamil/Telugu}
359 Disney XD {Hindi/English/Tamil/Telugu/Marathi/Bengali}
360 Disney Channel {Hindi/English/Tamil/Telugu}
362 Sonic {English/Hindi/Bengali/Marathi}
363 Discovery Kids {Hindi/Engish/Tamil}
364 Disney Junior
365 Baby tv
366 Zee Q

Music => 14 ( 1 HD)

380 MTV
381 Mtv indies
382 9XM
383 B4U Music
384 Zee ETC
385 Mastiii
386 VH1
387 E24
388 Sony Mix
389 9X Jalwa
391 Mtunes HD
392 Manoranjan Music
393 9xo

Tamil => 34 ( 1 HD)

487 Sun Life
488 News 7 Tamil
490 Sun TV HD
491 Puthiya Thalaimurai
492 MEGA tv
493 J Movies
494 Murasu TV
495 Kalaignar Seithigal
496 Star Vijay HITZ
497 Thanthi TV
498 Zee Tamizh
499 Puthu Yugam
500 Sun TV
501 KTV
502 STAR Vijay
503 Kalaignar TV
504 Jaya TV
505 Sun Music
506 Chutti TV
507 Raj TV
508 Sun News
509 Jaya Plus
510 Discovery Tamil
511 Polimer TV
512 Sirippoli
513 Makkal TV
514 Angel TV
515 Jaya Max
516 DD Podhigai
517 Adithya TV
518 vendhar tv
519 Vasanth TV
608 IsaiAruvi
688 Sri Sankara TV

Telugu => 26 (1 HD)

520 Gemini TV
521 ETV Telugu
522 Gemini Movies
523 Maa TV
524 Zee Telugu
525 ETV 2
526 TV9 Telugu
527 Gemini Music
528 NTV News
529 DD Saptgiri
530 SVBC
531 Subhavaartha
532 Maa Music
533 Gemini Comedy
534 Sakshi TV
535 ABN Andhra Jyoti
536 TV5 Telugu
537 Maa Movies
538 Maa Gold
539 v6 News
540 Gemini TV
541 Kushi Tv
542 Gemini Life
543 Tnews
698 Bhakti TV

Marathi => 13

547 9X Jhakaas
550 Zee Marathi
551 ETV Marathi
552 ABP Majha
553 Zee Talkies
554 Saam TV
555 STAR Pravah
556 Mi Marathi
557 IBN Lokmat
558 Zee 24 Taas
559 DD Sahyadri
560 Maiboli
561 TV9 Maharastra

Punjabi => 8

581 mh One
582 Zee Punjabi Haryana Himachal
583 PTC Punjabi
584 PTC News
586 Chardikla Time TV
587 PTC Chakde
658 DD Punjabi
659 9X Tashan

Gujarati => 5

589 etv news gujarathi
590 ETV Gujarati
591 DD Gujarati
592 TV9 Gujarati
593 CNBC bajar

Oriya => 11

597 Focus Odisa
598 Naxatra News
599 MBC TV
600 ETV Oriya
601 Orrisa TV
602 DD Oriya
603 Tarang TV
604 Tarang Music
605 Prarthna TV
606 Zee Kalinga
607 Sarthak TV

Urdu => 4

610 ETV Urdu
611 DD Urdu
612 DD Kashir
613 Zee Salaam

North East => 12

617 Prag
618 Rengoni
619 News Time Assam
620 Focus NE TV
621 News Live
622 Nepal 1
623 DD North East
624 DY365
625 Rang
626 Focus Hi-Fi
627 khobor 365 din
628 Big Magic ganaga

Bhojpuri => 2

629 Anjan tv
630Mahuaa TV

Uttar Pradesh => 2

629 DD Uttar Pradesh
633 Dabangg

Devotional => 12

683 Prarthana Bhavan
684 Jinvani
686 Peace of mind
687 Adhyatm
689 Disha TV
690 Aastha
691 Sanskar
693 Mh1 Shraddha
695 GOD TV
696 Paras TV
699 Channel Win
786 Mecca mathina 24/7

Bengali => 15

760 Zee Bangla
762 ETV Bangla
764 STAR Jalsha
766 Rupashi Bangla
768 DD Bangla
770 Zee Bangla Cinema
772 Jalsha Movies
774 Sony Aath
776 24Ghanta
778 ABP Ananda
780 ETV news bangla
782 Akash Bangla
783 Focus Bangla
784 Music Fatafati
787 Sangeet Bangla
788 News Time Bangla

Kannada => 18

840 Udaya TV
842 ETV Kannada
844 Udaya Movies
846 Zee Kannada
848 Asianet Suvarna
850 Kasthuri TV
851 Suverna Plus
852 DD Chandana
853 Chindu tv
854 Udaya Comedy
856 Udaya music
858 TV 9 Kannada
859 Samaya News
860 Udaya News
861 ETV news kannada
862 Suvarna News 24x7
864 BTV news 24/7
866 Public TV

Malayalam => 20

800 Asianet
802 Surya TV
804 Mazhavil Manorama
806 Kairali TV
808 Jai Hind TV
810 Asianet Plus
812 Amrita
814 Kiran
816 DD Malayalam
817 Surya Music
818 Kairali We
819 Kochu Tv
820 Asianet Movies
821 Media One
822 Manorama News
824 Asianet News
826 Indiavision
828 Mathrubhumi News
829 Reportwe Tv
830 Shalom TV

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Standard Definition TV Channels : 334
High Definition TV Channels : 25
Help & Promo Channels : 10
Pay Per View Channels : 5
Subscription Video On Demand (SVOD) Channels : 3
Widgets Services : 6
Interactive Services : 8
Games : 6
Total Channel & Services : 397

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